The northern plains experience extreme weather, producing abundant wheat crops. The cuisine relies heavily on flatbreads like roti , naan , and parathas . Due to historical Persian and Central Asian influences, North Indian cooking features rich, creamy gravies made from nuts, cream, and ghee. Iconic dishes include biryanis , tandoori meats, and slow-cooked lentils like Dal Makhani . South India: Rice, Coconut, and Fermentation