The Growing Global Threat Of Antibiotic Resistance Ielts Reading Answers Verified 100%

The mechanisms by which bacteria evade antibiotic action are marvels of evolutionary adaptation. Bacteria can develop thick cellular walls that prevent drugs from penetrating their defenses, or they can produce specialized pumps—known as efflux pumps—that actively eject the antibiotic before it can cause damage. Others manufacture enzymes, such as beta-lactamases, which chemically degrade and neutralize the medication. Most alarming of all is the capacity of bacteria to share these resistance genes with neighboring microbes through a process called horizontal gene transfer. This allows completely different species of bacteria to rapidly acquire resistance without inheriting it from a parent cell. Paragraph F

Bacteria can rapidly distribute genetic defenses through a process called __________, involving physical contact, absorption, or viral delivery. Answer: (or GENE TRANSFER ) The mechanisms by which bacteria evade antibiotic action

Based on the passage “Antibiotic Resistance – A Global Challenge”, the following questions test comprehension of global initiatives: Most alarming of all is the capacity of