It ensures that the file being downloaded is properly named, often using the basename() function to prevent security issues.

response.data.pipe(res); catch (error) console.error(error); res.status(500).send('Failed to download the file');

Usually, these URLs are accompanied by query parameters (e.g., ?id=12345 or ?file=tool.zip ). The script reads this parameter, fetches the corresponding file from a hidden directory or database, and pushes it to your browser.