Challenges Of Nation Building Class 12 Notes Hot Jun 2026

The division was not simple. It followed the principle of religious majorities, which created severe complications:

Around 80 lakh (8 million) people crossed the borders. Between 5 to 10 lakh people were brutally killed in communal violence. challenges of nation building class 12 notes hot

Ans: The Instrument of Accession was a legal document drafted by the Government of India. By signing it, the ruler of a Princely State agreed to cede control over three key areas—Foreign Affairs, Defense, and Communications—to the Government of India, while retaining internal autonomy. It served as the vital legal bridge that allowed peaceful unification of the country without immediate structural chaos. The division was not simple